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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 78(9): 576-585, Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131760

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) are heterogeneous diseases with a highly variable phenotype and genotype. They can be divided into episodic ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA); the latter is considered the prototype of the ADCA. Most of the ADCA are caused by polyglutamine expansions, mainly SCA 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 17 and Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA). However, 30% of patients remain undiagnosed after testing for these most common SCA. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that the new generation of sequencing methods are useful for the diagnose of these patients. This review focus on searching evidence on the literature, its usefulness in clinical practice and future perspectives.


RESUMO As ataxias cerebelares autossômicas dominantes (ACAD) são doenças heterogêneas com fenótipo e genótipo altamente variáveis. Podem ser divididas em ataxia episódica e ataxia espinocerebelar (SCA), sendo este último considerado o protótipo do ACAD. A maior parte das ACAD são causadas por expansões de poliglutaminas, principalmente SCA 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 17 e atrofia dentatorubro-palidoluisiana (DRPLA). No entanto, 30% dos pacientes permanecem sem diagnóstico após o teste para essas SCA mais comuns. Recentemente, vários estudos têm demonstrado que a nova geração de métodos de sequenciamento são ferramentas úteis para o diagnóstico desses pacientes. Esta é uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com foco em sua utilidade na prática clínica e em perspectivas futuras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthrogryposis , Cerebellar Ataxia/diagnosis , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Spinocerebellar Ataxias/diagnosis , Spinocerebellar Ataxias/genetics , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Genotype
2.
Salud colect ; 11(3): 367-379, jul.-sep. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-761807

ABSTRACT

Desde que la adicción adquirió reconocimiento como enfermedad mental, los estudios relativos al tratamiento y modelos terapéuticos han tendido a centrarse en sus dimensiones psiquiátricas y psicológicas. El objetivo de este artículo es destacar la centralidad de la dimensión social, no solo como potencial detonante de comportamientos adictivos y estigmas sobre ellos, sino como variable que permea también su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Las reflexiones parten del trabajo de campo realizado en centros de rehabilitación para mujeres consumidoras de drogas, en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, al noroeste de México. Los resultados arrojan que los modelos terapéuticos predominantes en la ciudad se basan en el rol tradicional de la mujer y lo reproducen. Se analizan las implicaciones sociales de este hecho, y finalmente se sugiere que esos centros podrían ser igualmente aprovechados en el proceso de construcción de una sociedad con mayor equidad de género.


Since the recognition of addiction as a mental illness, studies concerning treatment and therapeutic models have tended to focus on its psychiatric and psychological dimensions. The aim of this article is to highlight the centrality of the social dimension, not only as potential trigger of addictive behaviors and of stigma regarding these behaviors, but also as a variable that permeates diagnosis and treatment. The reflections are based on fieldwork carried out in rehabilitation centers for drug-consuming women in the border city of Tijuana, northwestern Mexico. The results show that the predominant therapeutic models in the city are based in and reproduce the traditional role of women. The social implications of this finding are analyzed, and it is suggested that these centers could be better utilized in the process of building a society with greater gender equality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebellar Ataxia/physiopathology , Physical Stimulation , Case-Control Studies , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 73 Suppl 1: 38-48, 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1165149

ABSTRACT

Chronic ataxias are an heterogeneous group of disorders that affect the child at different ages. Thus, the congenital forms, generally non progressive are observed from first months of life and are expressed by hypotonia and motor delay long before the ataxia became evident. The cerebral magnetic resonance images (MRI) may be diagnostic in some pictures like Joubert syndrome. The group of progressive hereditary ataxias, usually begin after the infant period. The clinical signs are gait instability and ocular apraxia that can be associated with oculocutaneous telangiectasias (ataxia-telangiesctasia) or with sensory neuropathy (Friedreich ataxia). In this review are briefly described congenital ataxias and in more detailed form the progressive hereditary ataxias autosomal recessive, autosomal dominants and mitochondrials. The importance of genetic study is emphasized, because it is the key to obtain the diagnosis in the majority of these diseases. Although now there are no treatments for the majority of progressive hereditary ataxias, some they have like Refsum disease, vitamine E deficiency, Coenzyme Q10 deficiency and others, thus the diagnosis in these cases is even more important. At present the diagnosis of childhood hereditary ataxia not yet treatable is fundamental to obtain suitable handling, determine a precise outcome and to give to the family an opportune genetic counseling.


Subject(s)
Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Spinocerebellar Degenerations/genetics , Cerebellar Ataxia/diagnosis , Cerebellar Ataxia/physiopathology , Ataxia/diagnosis , Ataxia/physiopathology , Ataxia/genetics , Child , Muscle Weakness/diagnosis , Muscle Weakness/physiopathology , Muscle Weakness/genetics , Spinocerebellar Degenerations/diagnosis , Spinocerebellar Degenerations/physiopathology , Chronic Disease , Mitochondrial Diseases/diagnosis , Mitochondrial Diseases/physiopathology , Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , Ubiquinone/deficiency , Ubiquinone/genetics
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 59(1): 63-6, 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-231913

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 59 familiares de pacientes con Ataxia Cerebelosa Dominante Cubana (SCA2) durante diez años. A todos se les realizó un examen físico para valorar su estado clínico y estudios de conducción en nervios periféricos motores y sensitivos. En 13 de ellos se encontraron manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad. En otros 11 familiares se detectaron alteraciones electrofisiológicas en ausencia de síntomas y signos de SCA2. La principal alteración electrofisiológica encontrada fue la reducción en la aplitud de los potenciales sensitivos, lo que es expresión de una lesión axonal que se presenta desde etapas presintomáticas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebellar Ataxia/physiopathology , Neural Conduction/physiology , Peripheral Nerves/physiopathology , Cerebellar Ataxia/diagnosis , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Cuba , Electrophysiology
7.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1996 Apr; 40(2): 145-50
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-108875

ABSTRACT

Thirteen patients with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia were investigated for autonomic functions using standard tests. Patients showed no significant reduction in parasympathetic responses as measured by heart rate response to slow breathing and Valsalva manoeuvre. Measurement of blood pressure response to isometric exercise, cold exposure and 70 degrees head-up tilt showed a significant decrease in sympathetic pressor response.


Subject(s)
Adult , Blood Pressure/physiology , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Cold Temperature , Exercise/physiology , Female , Genes, Dominant , Heart Rate/physiology , Hemodynamics/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Tilt-Table Test , Valsalva Maneuver
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 49(3): 285-91, set. 1991. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-103623

ABSTRACT

Descreve-se uma família afetada por forma autossômica dominante de ataxia cerebelar de início tardio (acima dos 20 anos). Oito membros da família säo estudados e dados de outros quatro afetados pela doença foram obtidos por anamnese. A média de idade de início da doença foi 37,1 ñ 5,4 anos (27-47 anos). O quadro clínico consistia basicamente de síndrome cerebelar de caráter lentamente progressivo, sem ocorrência concomitante de sinais ou sintomas decorrentes de envolvimento de outros sistemas. Estudo tomográfico computadorizado mostra atrofia cerebelar difusa com relativa preservaçäo do tronco cerebral e das estruturas supratentoriais. Estudos neurofisiológicos (neuroconduçäo motora/sensitiva, potenciais evocados visuais e auditivos) foram normais. Vinte e seis pessoas da família foram tipados para antígenos de histocompatibilidade HLA. Escores lod foram calculados utilizando programa de computador denominado LINKMAP. Ligaçäo estreita com o sistema HLA nesta família foi excluida - 0=0,02, z=(-2,17) - e a análise global dos escores lod sugerem que o gene mutante nesta família näo se localiza no cromossomo 6


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 , Genetic Linkage/genetics , HLA Antigens/isolation & purification , Cerebellar Ataxia/immunology , Pedigree
9.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 49(1): 57-65, mar. 1991. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-94988

ABSTRACT

As ataxias cerebelares hereditárias consituem um dos grupos nosológicos da Neurología Clínica d emais dificil comrpeensäo e sistematizaçäo. Para melhor compreensäo do assunto, o autor apresenta a trajetória histórica das diversas tentativas em classificar-se este complexo grupo de doenças neurogenéticas. As classificaçöes baseadas em dados clínicos e genéticos säo as mais úteis, mas o passo definitivo para a elucidaçäo da patogênese e identificaçäo das formas distintas e heredoataxias começa a ser fado pelos estudos de genética molecular


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebellar Ataxia/classification , Cerebellar Ataxia/genetics , Nerve Degeneration , Recombination, Genetic
12.
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